Includes bibliographical references and index.

The links between testing and teaching -- How tests can clarify the curriculum -- Too many testing targets -- Validity, reliability, and bias -- An introduction to test-building -- Selected-response items -- Constructed-response items -- The value of affective assessment -- Uses and misuses of standardized achievement tests -- Instructionally supportive standards-based tests -- Collecting credible classroom evidence of instructional impact -- Epilogue, Cora in her classroom : an illustration of instructionally focused testing.